John P. Kotter

Leading Change

1. IDEA 1

   Most change efforts fail

   Kotter argues that many attempts to transform organisations fail because leaders skip important steps. He offers an eight-stage process for leading change successfully. Rushing ahead without the early steps often leaves the effort weak and short-lived.

2. IDEA 2

   Create urgency

   The first step is establishing a sense of urgency, helping people see why change is needed now. Complacency kills change. If people feel comfortable with how things are, they see no reason to put in the effort to change.

3. IDEA 3

   Build a coalition

   The second step is creating a guiding coalition, a group with enough power and trust to lead change. No single person can do it alone. Such a team gives the effort the weight to be taken seriously.

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