Why are so few women in India's workforce, and what fixes it?
Side one
Remove barriers
Norms, safety, childcare and discrimination keep women out. Policy must change incentives and attitudes.
Mary Wollstonecraft: Rights of Women · Simone de Beauvoir: The Second Sex · Savitribai Phule: Teacher and ReformerSide two
Create the right jobs
Women need suitable, safe, flexible work and recognition of informal labour. Supply of jobs matters as much as attitudes.
Ela Bhatt: Organising Informal Workers · Martha Nussbaum: Capabilities · Amartya Sen: Development as FreedomCommon ground
Both see women's work as vital for dignity and growth.
How to reconcile them
Combine norm change, safety and childcare with job creation in sectors suited to women, and count unpaid care work.
When each side is right
Stress barriers in essays on social norms. Stress jobs in essays on economic policy.
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